Is Ziarat a Potential Site for Conventional or Unconventional Energy Resources?     

Sarfraz KHAN  Umair Bin NISAR  Khawar A. AHMED  Muhammad WASEEM  Waqas AHMED 《《地质学报》英文版》2018,92(4):1544-1557

A structural interpretation of the Ziarat block in the Balochistan region (a part of the Suleiman Fold and Thrust Belt) has been carried out using seismic and seismological data. Seismic data consists of nine 2.5D pre‐stack migrated seismic lines, whereas the seismological data covers the Fault Plane Solution and source parameters. Structural interpretation describes two broad fault sets of fore and back thrusts in the study area that have resulted in the development of pop‐up structures, accountable for the structural traps and seismicity pattern in terms of seismic hazard. Seismic interpretation includes time and depth contour maps of the Dungan Formation and Ranikot group, while seismological interpretation includes Fault Plane Solution, that is correlated with a geological and structural map of the area for the interpretation of the nature of the subsurface faults. Principal stresses are also estimated for the Ranikot group and Dungan Formation. In order to calculate anisotropic elastic properties, the parameters of the rock strength of the formations are first determined from seismic data, along with the dominant stresses (vertical, minimum horizontal, and maximum horizontal). The differential ratio of the maximum and minimum horizontal stresses is obtained to indicate optimal zones for hydraulic fracturing, and to assess the potential for geothermal energy reservoir prospect generation. The stress maps indicate high values towards the deeper part of the horizon, and low towards the shallower part, attributed to the lithological and structural variation in the area. Outcomes of structural interpretation indicate a good correlation of structure and tectonics from both seismological and seismic methods.  相似文献   

Paleogene Deformation and its Control Mechanism in the Central Part of Raoyang SagEI北大核心CSCD     

Wang Y.  Qi J.  Zheng R.  Miao Q.  Niu X.  Chen S.  Gao Y. 《大地构造与成矿学》2018,(4):628-638

Various Palaeogenic deformations have been recognized in the central part of the Raoyang Sag. Based on seismic interpretation, the sedimentary sequences, structure features and activity of main faults have been studied. The results show that the Xianxian detachment fault, which is located in the eastern boundary of the Raoyang Sag, was still active during the Cenozoic and controlled the basinal deformation. The detachment depth and deformation of the Xianxian detachment fault are discussed based on the area-balance theory. The results reveal that patterns of the Paleogene structures vary considerably from the north to the south. Activity of the main faults in the hanging wall of the Xianxian detachment led to a westward migration of the deposition center. On the other hand, the uplifting of the dome related to the detachment resulted in fast denudation of the overlying sediments in locals. The deformation of detachment fault and activities of the major faults controlled the Paleogene deformation in the central part of the Raoyang Sag. © 2018, Science Press. All right reserved.  相似文献   

粤东南燕山期热隆伸展及其古水热系统——以恩平-新丰拆离断层为例          下载免费PDF全文

秦旭平  李德威  刘建雄  毛晨 《中国地质》2018,45(6):1188-1204

粤东南地区广泛发育燕山期NE-SW走向的拆离断层系统。文章对恩平-新丰拆离断层进行了野外地质调查和室内测试分析,重点研究了拆离断层之下韧性剪切带中的糜棱岩和拆离断层上盘与高角度脆性正断层伴生的硅化岩。初步认为,研究区热隆伸展构造于燕山早期开始形成,糜棱岩的变形温度在350℃左右,硅化岩内石英中气液包裹体的均一温度在155℃~326℃,盐度在2.74%~21.61% NaCl_eqv,平均盐度为11.17% NaCl_eqv,古热液流体沸腾时的温度在235℃~241℃,激光拉曼光谱分析结果表明,含硅热液的成分为富含Si、CO₂的NaCl-H₂O溶液。硅化岩流体包裹体的H-O稳定同位素组成表明古水热流体为岩浆水与大气降水混合作用的产物。沿着正断层分布的硅化岩可能是燕山期古水热型地热能的重要标志。燕山期热隆伸展构造系统及其深层与浅层相结合的古水热系统对认识现代地热能的类型、成因及其分布规律有一定的意义。  相似文献   

中国航磁大地构造单元划分   总被引：4，自引：3，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

熊盛青  杨海  丁燕云  李占奎 《中国地质》2018,45(4):658-680

本文以我国截止到2011年基本覆盖陆域及部分海域的航磁数据编制的全国航磁系列图为基础,以航磁反映的区域磁场和磁性基底起伏特征为依据,汲取主流大地构造观的划分理念,以板块构造理论及大陆动力学思想为指导,以磁场反映的构造特征为切入点,结合重力、遥感、地质资料对中国陆域构造单元进行划分。大地构造单元划分4个级别:一级构造单元为陆块区和造山系,共划分出8个;二级构造单元为陆块、弧盆系和地块,共划分出32个;三级构造单元为盆地、坳陷带(区)和隆起带(区),共划分出85个;四级构造单元为隆起和坳陷,共划分出332个。本划分方案旨在为油气地质构造背景研究及油气勘探提供一份地球物理资料。文中重点讨论了一、二级构造单元界线厘定的磁场依据及与前人划分存在的不同之处,而三、四级构造单元完全依据磁场及磁性基底起伏情况进行划分,并在盆地和坳陷区给出了深度信息,这为油气勘探者提供了必要的技术支撑。同时,借助丰富的航磁信息提示出一些地质构造方面难解现象,供同行专家参考与讨论。  相似文献   

铺前—清澜断裂西支晚更新世活动特征     

刘风香  苗雨雁  荆振杰  杜海娥 《世界地质》2018,37(1):148-153

海域浅层地震探测调查表明,铺前—清澜断裂向北西海域方向延伸,断裂走向NW-SE,倾向SW,为高倾角的正断层;在地震剖面上,断裂断错了第四系地层;进一步应用钻探技术对铺前—清澜断裂进行探测研究,结合层序地层学、岩性岩相分析与年代测定等方法建立了钻孔联合剖面,揭示断层性质为正断层,倾向SW,断距4.0 m,断层的最新活动时代为晚更新世,第四纪表现为张性活动,断裂的平均垂直速率为0.15 mm/a。  相似文献   

Late Quaternary Slip Rate of the Xiugou Segment,Eastern Kunlun Fault Zone   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Feipeng Huang  Junjie Ren  Yanwu Lü  Junxiang Zhao 《地球科学进展》2018,33(3):321-332

The Eastern Kunlun fault zone (EKLF) is a large left-lateral strike-slip fault, whose slip rate is meaningful to seismic hazard assessment and geodynamics of the Tibetan Plateau. Previous studies suggested that the late Quaternary average slip rate was stable and uniform (10~13 mm/a) in the central and western segment of the EKLF. But there were a few researches of accurate slip rate in the central segment on the EKLF. Therefore, we focused on an offset and well preserved alluvial fan from Xiugou basin, located in the east of Xidatan-Dongdatan, to make it clear. Moreover, we used high-resolution satellite images and digital elevation model extracted from SPOT7 stereo image pairs to restore the offset alluvial fan, and combined terrestrial cosmogenic nuclides method, including 13 quartz-rich samples from this fan surface, 1 quartz-rich sample from the main active channel bed and 1 ¹⁰Be depth profile from this fan edge to eliminate the ¹⁰Be concentration of inheritance accurately, with 1 optically stimulated luminescence sample to obtain the reliable age of this alluvial fan together. Referring to field observations, this alluvial fan was offset left-laterally by (1 862±103) m, and its age is (76.55±3.20)~(106.37±3.38) ka which can be determined through the actual geologic setting and improving chi-square test. Thus, we used the Monte Carlo method to obtain a left-lateral slip rate of (20.3+3.5/-2.3) mm/a with 68% confidence envelopes since the late Pleistocene in the Xiugou basin. As a result, combining with the results of previous studies, the left-lateral slip rate indicated that the obviously decreasing activity transferred from late Pleistocene to Holocene on the central segment of the EKLF.  相似文献   

月表构造与深部构造的关系     

奚镜伦  陈建平 《江苏地质》2018,42(3):481-494

地球和月球很可能是通过大撞击形成的。在行星地质学中,研究月球的地质-构造现象,对了解月球、地球乃至太阳系的形成与演化历史都有很大帮助。月球的构造分为深部构造与月表构造,寻找它们在分布或成因上的关系,可以为月球甚至地月系的起源和演化历史提供重要参考。利用LROC的宽视角影像数据以及LOLA数据提取解译月表构造,结合深大断裂进行观察分析,并对月球的撞击盆地进行统计,最后以静海地区为例分析构造分布特征,发现月球的质量瘤盆地中具有环状分布的月岭,外侧具有近环状分布的深大断裂,自前酒海纪至酒海纪,具备上述特征的质量瘤盆地占总撞击盆地的比例突然有一个很大的提升,且静海地区西部具有该构造分布特征。推测该特征与撞击、月海沉降等有关,且在酒海纪与雨海纪期间月球有较多的月海玄武岩分布,由此判断静海西部存在质量瘤,发生过撞击与月海沉降。  相似文献   

合肥盆地安参1井前侏罗纪基底地层的孢粉组合特征与时代归属   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

苗慧心  张交东  周新桂  刘德良  李振生  宋立才  曾秋楠  刘旭锋  毕彩芹  孙福利 《地质学报》2018,92(3):466-481

大别山北缘的安参1井是合肥盆地最深的一口参数井,钻遇前侏罗纪基底地层达千米以上,为一套不含煤层(线)或灰岩以泥岩为主的地层,与周缘华北陆块和大别造山带等构造单元的地层对比困难。因缺少宏观化石记录和明确的定年依据,其时代归属一直存在争议,制约了对这一套特殊地层所反映的地质信息的进一步挖掘。为进一步明确该套特殊地层的地质时代,本项研究对安参1井4160~5152m井段大量岩心和岩屑样品进行了微古化石分析,在其中5块样品中发现了保存良好的孢粉化石647粒,共计23属51种及部分未定种。根据对孢粉化石的类型、属种和含量的分析,将其自下而上划分为两个孢粉化石组合:Ⅰ.Densosporites reynoldburgensisLaevigatosporites perminutus;Ⅱ.Triquitrites-Macrotorispora media。孢粉组合Ⅰ中蕨类植物孢子以平均含量87.67%占绝对优势,代表分子有Laevigatosporites perminutus,Lycospora rotunda,Patellisporites meishanesis等,裸子植物花粉均为单囊粉属Florinites;孢粉组合Ⅱ中,蕨类植物孢子平均含量降低至53.78%,其中蕨类孢子Lycospora rotunda消失,Leiotriletes adnatus,Triquitrites,Crassipora等含量下降,并有特征分子大一头沉孢属Macrotorispora出现,裸子植物花粉含量和丰富度明显增加,以柯达粉属Cordaitina为主。经过与华北其他地区孢粉组合特征的对比分析,上述两个孢粉组合分别与华北陆块晚古生代二叠系太原组和上石盒子组具有明确的相似性,与早期和中晚期华夏植物群面貌相一致,反映了裸子植物逐渐繁盛、属种越来越丰富的过程,孢粉组合Ⅰ和Ⅱ的地质时代分别为晚石炭世晚期至早二叠世早期和晚二叠世,为安参1井前侏罗纪基底存在石炭—二叠系提供了直接证据,也为合肥盆地沉积环境和古气候分析提供了新资料。  相似文献   

西藏加查拉岗村巨型古滑坡发育特征与形成机理研究     

吴瑞安  张永双  郭长宝  杨志华  刘筱怡 《地质学报》2018,92(6):1324-1334

青藏高原地质构造活跃,内外动力作用强烈,加之气候异常变化,区内大型滑坡发育。以雅鲁藏布江断裂附近新发现的拉岗村古滑坡为研究对象,在现场调查、槽探揭露、地质测年和工程地质分析等基础上,对其发育特征及成因机制进行了分析研究。研究表明,(1)拉岗村滑坡属巨型岩质滑坡,体积达3.6×107 m3,最大水平滑动距离约3050m,滑坡后壁与堆积体前缘高差达965m,最大运动速率达78.1m/s,具明显高速远程特征;(2)受冷冻风化和冰体"楔劈"作用影响,滑坡后部岩体崩裂,全新世以来气候变化冰川逐渐消退,融雪降水入渗加剧劣化岩体结构,降低岩体强度;(3)根据14 C和10Be测年结果,拉岗村古滑坡形成于距今4140~9675a,沿雅鲁藏布江断裂发生的强震可能是该滑坡的直接诱因,岩体受到地震抛掷力作用,原有节理裂隙和新生破裂面发生张剪-拉裂破坏迅速贯通,首先沿断裂附近碎裂结构岩体发生破坏,上部岩体随之失稳并高速下滑。该研究可为认识青藏高原断裂带内大型古滑坡的形成机理提供借鉴。  相似文献   

塔里木盆地哈得逊油田断裂特征与油气运移          下载免费PDF全文

张文王月然  吴少军周鹏 张玮徐秋云章学岐王腾宇 《地质科学》2018,(1):105-114

通过断裂分析及构造演化,并结合油气地化指标,综合研究认为,哈得逊油气的总体运移特征为“多期充注,晚期成藏”,即有垂向又有横向。海西末期-喜山期主干断层继承性活动,形成断穿石炭系底部的复活断层及伴生断层,沟通寒武系、奥陶系油源。晚加里东期、晚海西期来自寒武-奥陶系的油气沿羊屋2 井区深大断裂纵向运移,哈得逊石炭系整体南倾,未发育有效圈闭,两期油气均未有效成藏。晚喜山期受南北向造山运动影响,石炭系地层发生翘倾作用,形成有效圈闭。同时,古生界的深大油源断裂复活,聚集在奥陶系古油藏中的油气沿断裂垂向调整至石炭系东河砂岩,并在北倾斜坡的背景下,油气自北向南短距离侧向运移,聚集于哈得逊石炭系圈闭中,形成现今哈得逊油藏。  相似文献